Nuclear fuel fission

Nuclear fuel is a material that is burning in the heart of the nuclear reactor through fission (fission) atoms of these materials in order to draw potential of nuclear energy in atoms. Heavy Elements used in nuclear fission (nuclear fission) is uranium 235 (Uranium 235) and plutonium-239 (Plotonium 239) factory of uranium 238 and uranium 233 (Uranium 233) factory of thorium (Thorium). The first element is a stainless fissionable uranium-235, a radioactive element available in nature mixed with uranium 238 rose 0.72% has been discovered in 1935. The half-life (half-life) of uranium-235 approximately 704 million years old compared to 4468 million years of uranium 238 which reduced the rate of natural uranium. The total amount of energy emitted by the fission of one atom of uranium-235 two hundred and two million electron volts (202.5 MeV = 3.24 × 10-11 J) while the amount of energy generated from fusion of one kilogram than 23.1 million kilowatt-hour (8.314 × 1013 joules), or more than three million times the energy produced by burning one kilogram of the finest types of coal (2.4 × 107 joules). A critical mass of uranium and of 235 non-envelope (untampered critical mass) 56 kg and can be reduced to a third or quarter of the uranium during the packing 235 with a layer of uranium 238, which works reflector of neutrons (tampered critical mass).

The uranium found in nature is a mixture of two isotopes of uranium isotopes (isotopes), namely uranium 238 (uranium-238) by (99.2742%) and uranium 235 (uranium-235) by (0.7204%). Natural uranium is available in abundance in the earth's crust where the ranking comes in abundance (abundance) in Grade 51 and is more abundant than many metals as silver (Silver) and tin (Tin) and antimony (Antimony). The amount of uranium found in the earth's crust to a hundred thousand billion tons (1017 kg) distributed in rocks, soil and ocean water at rates ranging between 2 and 15 parts per million. The uranium accumulates in some exceptionally rich mines in Kazakhstan, Canada and Australia, which have up rate in the rocks, which contain three percent. The world's reserves of natural uranium, which can be extracted economically not to exceed ten million tons, while the global production rate of fifty thousand tons of uranium per year. The average price per tonne of natural uranium (yellow cake) one hundred thousand US dollars per ton, but this contains only seven kilograms of fissionable uranium and responsible for thermal power generation.

Uranium is found in nature in the form of many of the most famous vehicles Alaoraninayat ore (uraninite) which consists primarily of uranium oxides and oxides of other metals. The first steps of uranium ore processing is the separation of uranium oxides from the rest of the raw ingredients to be the so-called yellow cake (Yellowcake), which contains more than 80% of the various uranium oxides that the most important (triuranium octoxide (U3O8)). The second step is to convert various uranium oxides into pure uranium dioxide (purified UO2) which can be used in some types of reactors Kmvaalat heavy water directly. Pure uranium metal is not used (pure uranium metal) as fuel in nuclear reactors because of the low degree of melting (melting point) which amounts to 1132 degrees Celsius. And it is often used instead of uranium oxides and metal oxides because its melting point higher than that of the pure metal, but the thermal conductivity (thermal conductivity) is low. Among the most famous oxides used in the reactors, uranium dioxide (Uranium dioxide UO2) which is in the form of black powder (black powder) and the degree of melting 2865 ° C.

The ratio of uranium fission in a stainless U-235 in natural uranium a low rate not exceeding seven per ten percent for this it is necessary to raise this percentage is determined by the type of use. In the atomic bombs it is required that the ratio is higher than ninety percent while the need for small nuclear reactors (compact nuclear reactors) used in submarines and aircraft carriers to the ratios of up to twenty percent and the most types of nuclear reactors and light water Vtaml rates ranging between 3% and 5% while some works by using natural uranium Kmvaalat heavy water. This is increasing the proportion of uranium-235 in natural uranium through the so-called enrichment process (enrichment process) A process by which remove uranium 238 from natural uranium rises so the proportion of uranium-235 in it. The enrichment process requires a very complicated equipment where they can not use chemical methods in the separation process for being two equals any of the same element that have the same chemical properties. The separation process are taking advantage of the small difference in atomic weight between the two isotopes are used mechanical methods as a centrifuge (gas centrifuge process), after conversion to uranium compounds in the gaseous state's sixth uranium hexafluoride (Uranium hexafluoride UF6). And use other methods to enrich uranium as a process of gaseous diffusion (gaseous diffusion process) which is made through the uranium hexafluoride gas to pass the membrane is made thin force of an alloy of silver and zinc allows the entry into force of uranium 235 at a rate higher than 238 because less weight. And it requires enriching one kilogram of uranium by 5% to ten kilograms of natural uranium, while necessary for the enrichment of one kilogram of uranium by 90% to more than 150 kg of natural uranium. And it called on the natural uranium is enriched resulting from the enrichment process with depleted uranium (depleted Uranium), where it has a low percentage of uranium-235 not exceeding three per ten percent, that is, they are lower than those in natural uranium. The Aln_khasab process is very expensive and therefore the price per kilogram of enriched uranium by 5% up to two thousand dollars.

        The second element stainless fission is plutonium-239 (Plutonium-239), a radioactive element that is not available in nature relatively old palace, where the half-life (half-life) of 24 thousand years, that is, it may be hydrolyzed completely at the beginning of the land is before 4500 million years ago. The total amount of energy emitted by the fission of one atom of plutonium 239 two hundred and seven million electron volts (207.1 MeV = 3.318 × 10-11 J). The amount of energy produced by fission one kilogram of plutonium 239 is equal to 23.22 million kilowatt-hour (8.36 × 1013 joules), slightly higher than the uranium 235. The critical mass of plutonium-239 is the envelope (untampered critical mass) A ten kilogram can be reduced to one-third through the reflectors of neutrons (tampered critical mass). Since plutonium 239 industrial element does not exist in nature, it has been discovered by chance in 1940 after he was tossed uranium 238 with neutrons. Scientists have less than two years from the discovery of the construction of nuclear reactors for the purposes of plutonium production reactors, which generally have much which convert uranium 238 to plutonium-239 as a result of ejected neutrons. And generally have much reactors produce large quantities of plutonium and the cost is negligible with the cost of production of uranium 235 and most of it is used in the manufacture of fissile atomic bombs. And contributes to the plutonium as fuel energy-producing nuclear reactors in an indirect way as the U-238 contained in these reactors, uranium-235 turns into plutonium during the operation, and this in turn splits during operation as fissile uranium 235 thermal neutrons to produce energy by up to 30%. It can be used plutonium oxide 239 as fuel for nuclear reactors after mixing natural uranium oxide a certain percentage of so-called mixed oxide (MOX (mixed oxide) fuel).

The third element stainless fission is uranium 233 (Uranium-233), a radioactive element that is not available in nature relatively old palace, where the half-life (half-life) of 159 thousand years, that is, it may be hydrolyzed completely at the beginning of the land is before 4500 million years ago. The total amount of energy emitted by the fission of one atom of uranium 233. One hundred and ninety-eight million electron volts (197.9 MeV = 3.171 × 10-11 J). The amount of energy produced by fission one kilogram of uranium 233 is equal to 22.76 million kilowatt-hour (8.195 × 1013 joules), slightly less than the uranium-235 was discovered uranium 233 in 1946, after having been tossed thorium-232 (thorium-232) neutrons which turned into uranium 233 after holding it one of the neutrons and after a series of nuclear derogations (nuclear decay). And the production of uranium 233 from thorium 232 using thermal or fast reactors through the development of thorium rods with Alocodh rods in the reactor core. Despite the abundance of thorium in the earth's crust Khat more than four times the abundance of uranium, but the thorium fuel cycle (thorium fuel cycle) more expensive than uranium fuel cycle because natural uranium containing uranium 235 stainless fission while thorium does not contain any peer-fissionable. Some have been operating reactors using uranium 233, but in a limited and low cards, compared with uranium 235.

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Nuclear fission

It was a neutron (Neutron), which was discovered in 1932 by the English physicist James Chaddock (James Chadwick 1891-1974) as one of the nuclei of atoms are the key that enables scientists from which to exploit the potential energy in the nuclei of atoms components. Scientists have used neutrons to study the installation of an atom's nucleus, to its ability to penetrate the positively charged nucleus without any little resistance because they do not carry any electric charge. Italian world was made famous Enrico Fermi (Enrico Fermi 1901-1954) in 1934, throwing most of the periodic table elements with neutrons and managed to get a large number of radioactive isotopes because of this fusion neutrons Bonoah ejected elements. And when he came round to throwing the nucleus of uranium component Fermi noted that his radiation has dramatically increased to consider where it emitted particles and radiation of high intensity can not be explained by assuming that the uranium may be turned into one of his peers. And uranium radiation remained a puzzle to enable each of the German scientist Otto Hahn (Otto Hahn 1879-1968) and Austrian Swedish scientist not Mitner (Lise Meitner 1878-1968) Austrian and British world Otto Frisch (Otto Frisch 1904-1979) in 1939 to prove the uranium atom ejected may split into two atoms with neutrons ejected after two Dhirta krypton and barium was accompanied by the emergence of a large amount of energy in the form of radiation and particles off at high speeds.

It surprises good news for scientists who have focused their efforts on the study of this phenomenon is strange that they found that the fission of uranium atoms does not require high-energy neutron ejected but that fission may be thermal or slow neutrons and carrying capacity for half an electron volt, leaving them optimistic too much possibility of exploiting corn energy. The other discovery, which sparked the curiosity of scientists is the phenomenon of the emission of between two and three free neutrons as a result of throwing the uranium atom and one neutron. It has predicted the world the Hungarian American Leo Szilard (Leó Szilárd 1898-1964) in 1933, the possibility of a nuclear chain reaction (nuclear chain reaction) if there is sufficient quantity of uranium where sufficient neutron and one to start the process of nuclear reaction and then provide for neutrons resulting from the fission of the atom uranium to cause a row and growing fissions this process takes place in less than the blink of an eye produces a huge amount of energy in the form of a stunning explosion if not controlled, as is the case in nuclear bombs. But if the rate of reproduction of neutrons to control it is possible to determine the amount of fission and energy produced rate as in nuclear reactors.

But the joy of scientists this discovery did not last long it has been shown to them later to slow the neutrons do not cleave only one isotope of uranium, U-235, which constitutes less than one percent of natural uranium, while is the main isotope which is 238 more than nine and ninety percent and the latter does not cleaved only neutrons high speed capacity of more than 10 million electron volts. One oddity coincidences that scientists discovered in time a new element, a fissionable element plutonium-239, a synthetic element does not exist in nature was discovered in 1940 during the extrusion of uranium 238 with neutrons. Scientists have managed in less than two years to build reactors for the purpose of producing plutonium has been produced large amounts of it and the cost is negligible with the cost of production of uranium-235 was used in the manufacture of fissile atomic bombs.

And when it is tossed on the neutron component atoms what the probability (likelihood) injury neutron to the nucleus of the atom and its union with it depends on the neutron energy measured in electron volts (electron volt) and on the type of item. It is understood that the neutrons speed increases with increasing capacity, but in proportion to non-linear speed of neutrons 0025 electron volts with a capacity of 2.2 kilometers per second while the speed of neutrons million electron volts card 14 thousand kilometers per second speed neutron two million electron volts card 20 thousand kilometers per second . These are usually measured probability of so-called cross-section of neutron (neutron cross section) which is measured Balbarn (barn) which is equal to one Albarn (10-28 m2 or 10-24 cm2) The higher-sectional area greater the likelihood of a merger with the nucleus of an atom neutron ejected. Has been rated neutrons by capacity, there are cold neutrons ((0.0 - 0.025 eV) Cold neutrons) and thermal neutrons (Thermal neutrons (0.025 - 0.4 eV)) and neutrons Cadmium (Cadmium neutrons (0.4 eV-1 eV)) and slow neutrons (Slow neutrons ( 1 - 10 eV)) and neutron resonance (resonance neutrons (10 - 300 eV)) medium and neutrons (intermediate neutrons (300 eV-1 MeV)) and fast neutrons (fast neutrons (1 MeV-20 MeV)) and neutrons over the rapid (Ultrafast neutrons (more than 20 MeV)). The attached figure shows the cross-section of neutrons each of Kallioranjom 235 and plutonium-239 and uranium 233 and uranium 238. It is clear from the shape that these elements with the exception of U-238 fissionable using thermal Alnoatronat and slow because of the large cross section. It is worth mentioning that the neutrons generated by the fusion of these elements is the high-speed neutrons called fission neutrons (fission neutrons (100 keV - 15 MeV)) must be Tbtitha to slow neutrons to cause fission process.

One of the problems faced by scientists in the design of nuclear reactors is the strange way it interacts uranium 238 with neutrons is absorbed greedily neutrons ranging capacity between one and seven electron volts transformed it into plutonium-239 fissionable element while absorbs neutrons less than or greater than its capacity for energy this band splits not only with neutrons which increase capacity for ten million electron volts. In spite of the significant role played by the absorption of neutrons in the production of plutonium for the atomic bomb-making property, they in turn hinder significantly the chain reaction in nuclear reactors, a process where a large proportion of neutrons resulting from the fission of uranium 235 is located within the absorption range of uranium-238 is needed to overcome this problem slow the neutrons to the low speeds in the so-called thermal neutrons (thermal neutrons) in order to avoid hunted by uranium atoms 238 and through the use of some materials Alambtih Kjeravi and water, light and heavy, which have the ability to slow the neutrons without the absorbing.

When the fission of the atom after the ejection Balniotron they are often divided into two atoms is relatively combi total weigh less than the weight of fissile atom is launching a range of neutrons and beta particles (β - particles) and gamma rays (γ-rays). And it is fission of the atom process in the form of a powerful explosion because Nwati atoms Alnatjtin dividing carrying a positive charge, whereupon the strength disharmony between them pay atoms in opposite directions and speeds are very high and this has been the energy association converter (binding or potential energy) into kinetic energy (kinetic energy). Kinetic energy carried by the atoms resulting from the division of nearly 85% and pose while carrying particles and radiation energy remaining. For example, the energy generated by fission atom of uranium-235 amounting to 202 million electron volts of which 169 million electron volts in the form of kinetic energy carried by atoms Alnatjtin and five million electron volts as energy mobility in neutrons and 7 million electron volts as energy kinetics in beta and 13 million electron particles volt as energy gamma rays in the electromagnetic and 8 million electron volts as energy stored in the excited atoms resulting from division and in the form of stable isotopes is transformed into stable elements after the radiation energy. As it is clear that 90% of the energy generated by fission of the atom kinetic energy is converted entirely into heat energy when the collision of atoms and particles Natjat for fission atoms surrounding corn ordnance.

 The atoms Alkhviqh resulting from fission of heavy atoms as well as the type and number of neutrons and energy generated depends on the type of item has shattered into sharp as well as on the neutron energy carried by splitting the atom. When fissionable uranium atom 235 more than the potential for the type of atoms produced and the number of neutrons first stakes are is the fission of the atom into two atoms of barium (141Ba barium) and krypton (92Kr krypton) and the production of three neutrons The second possibility is the fission of the atom into two atoms of cesium (144Cs Caesium) and rubidium (90Rb rubidium) and the production of two neutrons and two third possibility is the fission of the atom into two atoms of xenon (143Xe xenon) and strontium (90Sr strontium) and the production of three neutrons.

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Vanadium crystals. Vanadium chemical element

Vanadium crystals. Vanadium chemical element in the periodic table, a poisonous metal and solid color white, symbol V, atomic weight 23.

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Jöns Jacob Berzelius
Jöns Jacob Berzelius (Swedish Jöns Jacob Berzelius), lived between August 20, 1779 and August 7, 1848 m, it is a Swedish chemist and is the author of the foundations of modern chemical symbols.

sapphire
240 pxCrystal structure of sapphire. Sapphire Sapphire refers to different varieties of gems metal corundum, an aluminum oxide (α-Al2O3), when they have a color other than red, a gem in this case sapphire.

Fluoride vanadium quad
Fluoride vanadium quartet (VF4) is a chemical compound of vanadium and fluorine.


Base metal
Debased metal or non-noble metal is the unofficial designation of metals that oxidize or corrode relatively easier and react in different proportions with dilute hydrochloric acid and form hydrogen.


Metal trace
Trace metals is a metal found in very small amounts in the tissues and cells of animals and plants.


Transition metal
The term carries a transition metal or a transition metal (also called a transition element) in the science of chemistry are two explanations are possible.

Heavy metal
Heavy Metal: not defined specifically, but in general the elements possess physical properties such as transition metals, and some semi-metals, lanthanides, actinides.


Refractory metals
Thermal metals are a class of metals that are characterized as having high resistance to heat and wear.


Vanadinite
Vanadinite vanadinite (Vanadinite) metal has the formula (Pb5 (VO4) 3Cl) a natural combination of lead, chlorine and vanadium.



Electronegativity
Electronegativity or Alkahrmah is a measure of the ability of the atom in the molecule covalent attract electrons in chemical bonds.


Record cumin
Record cumin or caraway standard electric pole in Chemistry (standard electrode potential) is a common measure of the single pole is measured in standard conditions, described Ptattiys electrode in a solution with a concentration "actual" 1 mol / L and pass the gas at 1 atm.


Karnoti
Rnoti is the yellow metal, radioactivity, contains uranium and vanadium, and on a small amount of radium.

The intensity of the elements (data page)

Carbide
In chemistry, carbide is a compound consisting of carbon and less electrical component.


List of chemical elements and origin of names
This is a list of the assets of the names of the chemical elements.

List of Spanish flags
Flag of Spain is a list of the most prominent historical and contemporary figures from Spain.

The list of standard efforts
The list of standard efforts or a list of standard electrochemical efforts in electrical chemistry (in English: standard electrode potentials table) give the standard electrochemical efforts of various materials unit volts compared to standard hydrogen electrode, and reliable chemists in their work.



List of chemical elements and origin of names
This is a list of the assets of the names of the chemical elements.

New !: vanadium and a list of the names of the chemical elements and their origin · See More »

List of Spanish flags
Flag of Spain is a list of the most prominent historical and contemporary figures from Spain.



The list of standard efforts
The list of standard efforts or a list of standard electrochemical efforts in electrical chemistry (in English: standard electrode potentials table) give the standard electrochemical efforts of various materials unit volts compared to standard hydrogen electrode, and reliable chemists in their work.



List of chemical elements
This is a list of chemical elements in order of atomic number.


List of chemical elements by atomic mass
Standard atomic masses of chemical elements, as measured by unit atomic mass (g / mol) equation shortcuts and uncertainty, and ordered by atomic number.



List of chemical elements by density
The list of items arranged in accordance with the density in the standard pressure and temperature conditions (the first elements of hydrogen to radon gas at normal temperature): Classification: periodic classification table: Chemical elements Category: Chemical User en: List of elements by density.



List of chemical elements by name
List of chemical elements arranged by name and colors depending on the type of item.

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Vanadium | Sources chemistry and benefits of vanadium and food sources

Vanadium Vanadium:
Metallic chemical element symbol V and atomic number 23, and is one of the transition elements of the periodic table. Vanadium was discovered in 1801 in Mexico by Andres Manuel del Rio, but the confusion between him and chrome, and was re-discovered in 1830 by Swedish chemist Niels Jibril Sevastrem. Metallic chemical element symbol V and atomic number 23, and is one of the transition elements of the periodic table. Vanadium was discovered in 1801 in Mexico by Andres Manuel del Rio, but the confusion between him and chrome.
Alvanayom is considered one of the very solid elements, the degree of melting 1890 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 3380 degrees Celsius and its density is 5.96, and the atomic weight of 50.941. And vanadium soluble in nitric acid and sulfuric acid is not soluble in hydrochloric acid and diluted sodium hydroxide and diluted alcohol. And vanadium have several Oksgenih acids, and the third most important vanadium oxide V2O3 and V2O5 vanadium pentoxide. And important for vanadium sulfide VS vanadium and vanadium tri-sulfide compounds VS3 and a bilateral hydroxide vanadium V (OH) 2 and dichloride VCl2 vanadium and vanadium trichloride VCl3 and acid Almitavandhat HVO3.
Vanadium occupies the tenth ranked ninth in terms of the proportion of its presence in the earth's crust, and is not found in the free state, but there is absolutely united with other elements in minerals scattered in all corners of the Earth. It occurs frequently in the United States, Russia and South Africa.
And because of the hardness of vanadium he enters in many alloying alloy such as nickel-vanadium and vanadium - chrome. Vanadium also replaced the platinum in the sulfuric acid industry, and is used widely as an aspect of photographs and as a reductive and dried as in many of the dyes.
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Benefits of vanadium and food sources in English: Vanadium • contributes vanadium in the metabolism of bones and teeth may be for that item Dorvi health for humans - (Also found in animal testing). Did not know any emitter disease for lack of this mineral in humans and does not have a Aomahmousy the dose (RDA), and therefore do not need to take any supplements it. • Over the past few years began to interest element vanadium, to the possibility of improving the course of diabetes. We have a lot of research on experimental animals and some limited research conducted on human beings, to study this relationship, • with the emergence of promising results in a Hzhaldddrasat given insulin and vanadium, and found a kind of renewed beta cells in the pancreas and improve the symptoms of diabetes in the first pattern-dependent insulin in mice, after treatment lasted for a year. Mice that were given insulin only did not show them these benefits. • has proven vanadium ability therapeutic in clinical studies on diabetic patients of type I, and also of the style-II, and this Malouhz review in Complementry Medicine magazine article describes vanadium that is similar to insulin, insulin mimic, where it can replace the insulin in part in its ability to metabolize sugar the blood. But this ability to improve the function of insulin and thus reduce the level of blood sugar requires a lot of Alhdhir..kd dose of vanadium be toxic to the body .bl may Tkdh some sort of resistance to the effect of insulin when youve give vanadium. • Food sources: found in vegetables and fresh fruit and seafood such as fish and shellfish.



There is little presence an independent metals in Egypt
USES:
 Is used in alloy Elvirovanadiom Ferrovanadium industry, which is at the core cutting machinery industry, engineering steel, power, alloy with gold dental and add copper, bronze and aluminum alloys for aircraft work, glass and ceramic industry drying inks, paints etc.
This is linked deduced extract titanium because it mixed the latter.
1. Abu region close it Abu Ghalaga
There vanadium economic pictures in Abu lock it
Location :
20 km west of the port of Abu Ghosoun on the Red Sea, at the intersection of longitude 03` 35º east, with latitude 21` 24º north.
Availability:
 Resides with Ermanat found in layers of gabbroic rocks 0
 Vanadium oxide ratio of 1.5% (average percentage) in the raw 0
 And the percentage of 0.266% (the average percentage of the various components in the raw 0
 And 0.28% (average percentage of the various components of the surface portion of the ore) 0
Reserve: economist.

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Nickel metal

Nickel
Nickel metal is silvery white glossy, belongs to the transition metals and is one of the four magnetic materials at normal temperatures and

pressures. Nickel metal cruel and malleable. There is often in nature with sulfur and iron in Abanntlandait or sulfur in Almilleraat or arsenic and sulfur in nickel Galena or with zinc in the mines.
Nickel active ingredient chemically free form, reacts with oxygen in the atmosphere slowly normal temperatures and pressures, forming an insulating layer of oxide on the surface of ease over the chemical activity as is the case for the elements chromium, aluminum and titanium. For this reason, often used in nickel plating metal such as iron and brass operations in the minting of coins, and in the laboratory and medical devices and chemical industry also in specific types of alloys Xbakh German silver.
Nickel is an important element in the alloy formed by especially superalloys such as steel and specifically non-stainless steel.
Nickel several oxidation numbers, the most common +2, 0 and +1 and +3 and +4, which is often observed in the nickel complexes and appears in some cases the situation has +6 oxidation but this did not prove conclusively.
Nickel magnetic properties of nature, and is often associated with the presence of cobalt, where there is both in the iron found in meteorites.
Atomic structure of the nickel is a cubic lattice coefficient of 0.352 nm for the half atomic diameter of 0.125 nm.

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Areas using platinum (white gold):

Platinum is used in many areas, chemists used in laboratories to conduct some scientific experiments Kamabh samples of various acids, and enters the work of panels and

thin wire, and also enters in the industry (catalytic converter) which is found in car exhaust. The common use his entry in the jewelry industry because of its strength and hardness, has been included in the dental and surgical instruments industry.
There are two types of white gold, the first type of extracted gold and other metals as silver, palladium, copper, and the second type have been manufactured from the same platinum without being mixed with other elements (pure) platinum. For the first type is not permissible for men adornment, and answer it as Zakat is obligatory on gold and silver, and the second type of pure white gold can be worn by men, but without exaggeration in it.

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Vanadium (III) bromide

Vanadium (III) bromide (in English: Vanadium (III) bromide), also known as the Tri-Methyl vanadium, VBr3. In the case - solid, these polymeric species as

vanadium eight triangular facets surrounded by six to Egndat bromide.
Vanadium (III) bromide attended by addressing the acid chloride vanadium quartet Alheidroberumik.
2 VCl4 + 8 HBr → 2 VBr3 + 8 HCl + Br2

Crop interaction through the methyl vanadium quartet unstable, VBr4, which called bromine at room temperature. [1]

Such as vanadium triple chloride, Vanadium (III) bromide, forms complexes red - brown dissolves in dual and quad-methoxy ethanol Hedrovuoran THF, such as mer-VBr3 (THF) 3. [2]

Preparing an aqueous solution of Vanadium (III) bromide, which contains salt in the body Trans [VBr2 (H2O) 4] +. These solutions give the evaporation of salt in the body Trans [VBr2 (H2O) 4] Br.

Preparing an aqueous solution of Vanadium (III) bromide, which contains salt in the body Trans [VBr2 (H2O) 4] +. These solutions give the evaporation of salt in the body Trans [VBr2 (H2O) 4] Br

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